Celtic festivals honor Celtic culture, which today may be shown through dance, music, food, art, or other forms. In ancient times, Celtic festivals included religious and seasonal events such as bonfires, harvest celebrations, storytelling, music, and dance. This list includes Celtic festivals held in many places around the world.
History
There are many types of ancient Celtic festivals that are still celebrated today. A fèis (plural fèiseannan) is a festival that celebrates Gaelic arts and culture. Today, it is often linked to Irish dance competitions. In ancient Ireland, communities valued local festivals where people gathered to share songs, dances, music, theater, and sports. Now, the fèis has returned to popularity among Gaelic people and those who enjoy Gaelic culture in Ireland, Scotland, and around the world. Another ancient festival is the eisteddfod, a Welsh event that includes literature, music, and performances. It has been held since at least the 12th century. The modern version of the eisteddfod began in the 18th century, when informal gatherings became more organized. The Mòd is a similar festival that focuses on Scottish Gaelic song, arts, and culture. It includes both local events and an annual national competition called the Royal National Mòd. These events feature singing, traditional music with instruments like the fiddle and bagpipes, and competitions in writing and drama.
The idea of modern Celtic identity began forming in the 19th century during the Celtic Revival, which helped Celtic nations grow. After World War II, the focus of the Celtic movement changed to protecting and reviving Celtic languages. The Celtic Revival also led to new musical and artistic styles that are now called Celtic. Music often used traditions from Celtic countries and included instruments like the Celtic harp. Art was inspired by designs from ancient Celts and early medieval Celtic Christianity, as well as folk styles. Festivals and other events were created to encourage cultural sharing between Celtic groups.